Rabbiteye blueberry plant named ‘Ochlockonee’

ABSTRACT

Vaccinium ashei  Reade ‘Ochlockonee’ is a Rabbiteye blueberry is distinguished by distinguished by its late bloom period, high and consistent productivity, large berry size, moderate chill requirement, late ripening, small berry scar, and high-quality fruit suitable for mechanical harvesting for the fresh market. The fruit of the plant is primarily used as fresh fruit for shipping, but is also suitable for customer-pick and processing markets.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH

The invention was made in part with Federal funds pursuant to the USDAHatch Act, grant number 2001-3100-01635.

Genus and species of the plant claimed: Vaccinium ashei Reade.

Variety denomination: ‘Ochlockonee’.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The fruit of the plant is primarily used as fresh fruit for shipping.The fruit is also suitable for customer-pick and processing markets.

2. Description of Relevant Prior Art

The new and distinct variety of rabbiteye blueberry ‘Ochlockonee’, wasselected in 1963 at the Coastal Plain Experiment Station in Tifton, Ga.from a cross of ‘Tifblue’ (non-patented)×‘Menditoo’ (non-patented) madein Beltsville, Md. and was tested as selection T-105. ‘Tifblue’ resultedfrom a cross of ‘Ethel’ (non-patented)×‘Clara’ (non-patented), and‘Menditoo’ resulted from a cross of ‘Myers’ (non-patented)×‘Black Giant’(non-patented). The selection was tested for several years and in thelate 1980's, the selection was planted with ‘Tifblue’ at the Universityof Georgia's Blueberry Research Farm near Alapaha, Ga. Resulting datafrom several years indicate that ‘Ochlockonee’ is a high yielding lateseason variety, and should be widely adapted to areas conducive torabbiteye blueberry production.

The male parent ‘Menditoo’ is only slightly improved from the wildspecies and was used primarily to improve berry size. It had very fewother commercially desirable features. To the best knowledge of theinventor, it is not currently available for comparisons to be made. Thenew variety is most similar to ‘Tifblue’.

‘Ochlockonee’ has been primarily compared with the late season rabbiteyestandard ‘Tifblue’. In Alapaha, Ga., productivity of ‘Ochlockonee’exceeded that of ‘Tifblue’ in each of the past 5 years for plants thatwere established in 1986, and substantially exceeded that of ‘Tifblue’ir. 3 of the 5 years. The 5 year average yield for ‘Ochlockonee’ insouth Georgia was 67% greater than that of ‘Tifblue’, based on singlebush, replicated plots. In addition to high yield, another importanttrait of ‘Ochlockonee’ as compared to ‘Tifblue’ is increased berry size,especially for first harvest berries. For each of the past 5 years thefirst harvest berries on ‘Ochlockonee’ plants established in 1986 weresignificantly bigger at the 5% probability level than berries of‘Tifblue’. The 5-year (1998-2002) average of annual yields was 17.0 lb.per plant for Ochlockonee compared to 10.1 lb. per plant for Tifblue,for plants grown in Alapaha, Ga. The 5 year average was 37% larger forfirst harvest ‘Ochlockonee’ berries, and was 25% larger for secondharvest ‘Ochlockonee’ berries. These two properties alone make‘Ochlockonee’ desirable as a highly productive, late season rabbiteyecultivar.

Other attributes such as berry scar, berry color, berry firmness, plantvigor, etc. for ‘Ochlockonee’ are comparable to ‘Tifblue’. ‘Ochlockonee’generally ripens a few days later than ‘Tifblue’, and bloom dates aresimilar which is favorable for escaping spring freeze damage in thesouth Georgia area. The estimated chill requirement of ‘Ochlockonee’ is600 to 650 h, which is similar to or slightly higher than that of‘Tifblue’.

As for adaptation to other areas, young plants of ‘Ochlockonee’ plantedin 2000 at Griffin, Ga. equaled ‘Tifblue’ in most attributes in 2002,except for crop load, which was greater for ‘Ochlockonee’, and ripeningdate, which was later for ‘Ochlockonee’. In Stone County, Miss., 2 yearold plant of ‘Ochlockonee’ and ‘Tifblue’ evaluated in 2002 were equal inplant vigor. The bush of the new cultivar is very “durable”, since aplanting of ‘Ochlockonee’ at Alapaha, Ga. that is more than 25 years oldis still quite vigorous and productive.

The bush type of ‘Ochlockonee’ is vigorous and upright, with a fairlynarrow crown. Plants have an abundant production of fruiting wood eachyear, with only moderate cane growth. Some stem disease lesions(Gloeosporium minus and/or Septoria albopunctata) have been observed onan older planting of ‘Ochlockonee’ in south Georgia, but several yearsof observations have indicated this has caused no serious productionproblems.

As with most rabbiteye blueberry cultivars, it is recommended that‘Ochlockonee’ be planted with another rabbiteye cultivar with a similarbloom time for cross pollination. In south Georgia, the cultivars‘Brightwell’ and ‘Powderblue’ would be suitable pollinizers for‘Ochlockonee’.

The new variety has been asexually propagated on many occasions since1963 by softwood cuttings at Griffin, Ga. It roots readily from softwoodcuttings and in all cases the clones propagated from cuttings havemaintained the vegetative and fruit characteristics of the originalselection.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Description and specifications of a new and distinct rabbiteye blueberryvariety which originated from seed produced by a hand-pollinated crossof ‘Tifblue’×‘Menditoo’ is provided. The new ‘Ochlockonee’ variety canbe distinguished by its late bloom period, high and consistentproductivity, large berry size, moderate chill requirement, lateripening, small berry scar, and high-quality fruit suitable formechanical harvesting for the fresh market.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PHOTOGRAPH

The accompanying colored photograph illustrates the overall appearanceof the new cultivar, showing the colors as true as it is reasonablypossible to obtain in colored reproductions of this type. The photographcomprises a side perspective view of a Rabbiteye Blueberry Plant Named‘Ochlockonee’ (T-105).

BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PLANT

The following is a detailed description of the botanical and pomologicalcharacteristics of the subject blueberry clone. Where dimensions, sizes,colors, and other characteristics are given, it is to be understood thatsuch characteristics are approximations and averages set forth asaccurately as practicable. Color data are presented in RoyalHorticultural Society Colour Chart designations. The descriptionsreported herein are largely from 14 year-old specimen plants grown inAlapaha, Ga. without supplemental irrigation and from 4 year-old plantsgrown in Griffin, Ga. with irrigation.

-   Plant:    -   -   Size.—Medium to large: plants were 2.0 to 2.5 m tall with an            average canopy width of 1.5 m after 10 years without            pruning. Some plants that are more than 20 years old are 3.0            to 3.5 m tall with a canopy width greater than 2.0 m.        -   Growth habit.—Plants are strongly upright, with only slight            spreading. Crowns are narrow, with 6 to 8 major trunks.        -   Growth.—Medium to high vigor. Plants have abundant            production of fruiting wood each year, with only moderate            cane growth.        -   Productivity.—Very high; good consistency from year to year.        -   Cold hardiness.—Similar to other rabbiteye blueberry            cultivars such as ‘Tifblue’ and ‘Brightwell’.        -   Chilling requirement.—Plants require 600 to 650 hours of            temperatures at or below 7 C. to induce normal leafing and            flowering during the spring.        -   Leafing.—Plants readily break numerous leaf buds            simultaneously with anthesis.        -   Canes.—Mostly erect, with only moderate branching. Main cane            base diameter (15 year old plant) 50 mm, color Greyed-Green            (198C); first major branch diameter 30-35 mm, color            Greyed-Green (198C); 2 year old cane diameter 12-18 mm,            color Greyed-Orange (164D), some flaking of bark; current            season wood diameter 3-6 mm, color Green (138B).        -   Fruiting wood.—Numerous twigs 15-30 cm in length, with            internode lengths of 15-20 mm common.        -   Disease resistance.—Somewhat tolerant of various defoliating            leaf diseases; good tolerance to stem canker.-   Foliage:    -   -   Leaf color.—Healthy mature leaves: top side of leaf Green            (139A), under side of leaf Green (137C).        -   Leaf arrangement.—Alternate, simple.        -   Leaf shape.—Elliptic.        -   Leaf margins.—Crenate.        -   Leaf venation.—Mostly arcuate, with some netting.        -   Leaf apices.—Broadly acuminate.        -   Leaf bases.—Cuneate to acute.        -   Leaf dimensions.—Length 50 to 70 mm; width 25 to 35 mm.        -   Leaf surface texture.—Very waxy, smooth.        -   Petioles size.—Small, 3-4 mm long.        -   Petioles color.—Yellow-Green, 145B.

Leaves glabrous, except for occasional stalked glands along leafmargins.

-   Flowers:    -   -   Color.—White (155D) when fully opened, significant Red (55B)            color on corollas just prior to bloom opening.        -   Date of 50 % antehesis.—March 26 (5 year average).        -   Flower shape.—Urecolate.        -   Flower bud number.—High.        -   Flower per cluster.—5 to 8.        -   Corolla aperture width.—2.5 to 3.0 mm.        -   Corolla width.—5.8 to 6.3 mm.        -   Fragrance.—None.        -   Peduncle.—12.0 to 15.0 mm in length; Green 138B in color.        -   Pedicle.—5.0 to 6.0 mm in length; Green 138B in color.        -   Calyx, with sepals.—5.0 mm in diameter; Green 137D in color.        -   Stamens.—Number, 10 per flower; length, 7.0 to 8.0 mm;            filament color, Green 142D.        -   Anthers.—Length, 4.0 to 4.5 mm; color, Greyed-Orange 171B.        -   Style.—Length, 9.0 to 10.0 mm; color, Yellow-Green 145B in            color.        -   Pistil.—Length, 12.0 to 13.0 mm.        -   Ovary.—Color, Green 137D.        -   Pollen.—Yellow, 11C.

The cultivar has a small degree of self-compatibility.

-   Fruit:    -   -   Date of 50 % maturity.—June 28 (5 year average).        -   Fruit development period.—94 days.        -   Berry skin color.—Blue 97C, with wax, Black 202A, wax            removed.        -   Berry flesh color.—Green-White 157D.        -   Berry size.—Medium. First harvest average 1.40 g/berry, late            season average 1.1 g/berry. Berries are 14 to 15 mm tall and            15 to 16 mm in diameter.        -   Berry production.—17 lb per plant based on 5-year            (1998-2002) average of plants grown in Alapaha, Ga.        -   Berry shape.—Very rounded, nearly spherical.        -   Fruit stem scar.—Small, very dry, no tearing.        -   Berry firmness.—Good to excellent. Firmer than the cultivar            ‘Baldwin’, similar to ‘Tifblue’.        -   Berry flavor and texture.—Flavor sweet with mild to moderate            acid level. Skins and seeds normal for rabbiteye cultivars.        -   Storage quality.—Good.        -   Suitability for mechanical harvesting.—Good.        -   Uses.—Can be used as fresh fruit for shipping, for            customer-pick and processing markets.        -   Seed dry weight.—76.8 mg per 100 seed.        -   Seed length.—1.5 to 2.0 mm.        -   Seed color.—Greyed-Orange 166D.

1. A new and distinct variety of rabbiteye blueberry plant,substantially as illustrated and described, characterized by its latefruiting, high productivity and large berry size.